Juniper (juniperus communis)

One of only three conifers native to the UK. Aromatic grey-green needle-like foliage and berry-like cones (used to flavour gin). Highly valuable for wildlife (nesting cover and food for birds). Variable habit – from upright/columnar to spreading or prostrate forms. Drought-tolerant, low-maintenance, and excellent for coastal, chalk, wildlife or informal gardens.

Key growing conditions

• Full sun or partial shade
• Any well-drained soil, including dry, chalky, sandy or thin soils; tolerates acid to alkaline pH
• Avoid waterlogged conditions
• Fully hardy tolerates exposure and coastal sites
• Slow-growing; mature height typically 4–8 m

When to plant

• Best between late October and March (dormant season), provided soil is not frozen or waterlogged
• Container-grown plants can be planted at other times with extra care

How to plant

• Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball and the same depth and plant so the top sits level with the soil surface
• Backfill, firm gently and water thoroughly
• Mulch around the base (keep clear of stems)

Aftercare

• Water in dry spells for the first 1–2 years until established
• Once established, requires little or no watering or feeding
• No regular pruning needed
• Male and female plants needed for berries

Ideal native choice for low-maintenance, wildlife-friendly or free-draining sites. Note: wild populations are in decline, so planting supports conservation.