Height12-20cm

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Tough, fast-growing evergreen conifer with stiff dark-green needles in pairs and a pyramidal form that broadens with age. Highly tolerant of poor/dry soils, chalk/limestone, exposure, salt winds and urban pollution. Excellent for coastal shelterbelts, windbreaks, screening or as a robust specimen in large gardens and difficult sites.

Key growing conditions

• Full sun
• Any well-drained soil (chalk, clay, loam or sand); tolerates poor, dry and alkaline conditions
• Avoid waterlogged or compacted ground
• Fully hardy; drought-resistant once established and wind-tolerant 
• Suitable for exposed and coastal locations

When to plant

• Best in the dormant season (autumn to early spring) when soil is workable

How to plant

• Dig a hole twice as wide as the root ball and of equal depth
• Position so the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil
• Backfill, firm gently and water thoroughly
• Mulch around the base (keep clear of the trunk)
• Allow generous space – mature trees often exceed 12–20 m in height with a wide spread

Aftercare

• Water regularly until established; thereafter low-maintenance
• Minimal pruning needed (remove only dead or damaged growth)
• Generally robust, though can be susceptible to needle cast or aphids in some conditions

Ideal for large gardens, parks, coastal sites or challenging urban/exposed locations where hardiness and tolerance of difficult soils are priorities.